Year 13 Homework this week:  Use the mark scheme to answer this question below, timed for 45 minutes.


New and digital media erodes the dividing line between reporters and reported, between
active producers and passive audiences: people are enabled to speak for themselves.’
(www.indymedia.org.uk)
Have such developments made the media more democratic, with more equal
participation by more people? (48 marks)

Level 4 37- 48 marks
A comprehensive discussion and evaluation, showing sophisticated understanding of new and digital media . A sharp focus on the question.
Sophisticated application of concepts and a wide range of media issues, debates and theories and wider contexts.
The use of the candidate‟s individual case study shows detailed evidence of independent study and very good critical autonomy. Answer is supported by a wide range of examples.
Well structured, articulate and engaged.
Level 3 25-36 marks
A proficient discussion and evaluation, showing good understanding of new and digital media . Focuses on the question.
Proficient application of concepts and a range of media issues, debates and theories and wider contexts.
The use of the candidate‟s individual case study shows clear evidence of independent study and good critical autonomy. Answer is supported by a range of examples.
Well structured and clearly expressed.
Level 2 13-24 marks
A satisfactory discussion and evaluation, showing adequate understanding of new and digital media. Focuses mainly on the question.
Satisfactory application of concepts and a number of media issues, debates and theories and wider contexts.
The use of the candidate‟s individual case study shows adequate evidence of independent study and critical autonomy. Answer is supported by examples.
Mostly well structured and expressed.
Level 1 1-12 marks
A basic discussion and evaluation, showing some understanding of new and digital media . Some focus on the question
A basic of application of concepts and some media issues, debates and theories and/or wider contexts.
The use of the candidate‟s individual case study shows some evidence of independent study. Answer is supported by some examples.
Meaning may be obscured at times by weaknesses in written communication.
Level 0 0 marks
Mostly descriptive and/or irrelevant answer. Little focus on the question.

EXAMINER'S REPORT

The higher level challenge in this question was the idea of ‘democracy’
Solid answers focused on the changing power relationship between audiences and
producers and increased audience participation. Higher level answers discussed the
concept of democracy.
• Sophisticated answers debated the arguments and examples for and against
increasing democracy as a result of NDM.
• Globalisation was a popular point. Satisfactory answers said NDM had contributed to
globalisation. Higher level answers debated the advantages of globalisation, for
example the rise of citizen journalism, freedom of speech and disadvantages, for
example the digital divide, censorship.
• Lots of answers used really up to date and topical examples, showing their
knowledge of and interest in the media and society. They can obviously include these
if they fit in to their own case study, but they can also use them to supplement their
own case study, supporting points they have already made from their own case study
products.

Questions:

1. Consider how the music videos use mise-en-scene to represent the artists in a specific light.

• the mise en scene at the beginning depicts his name in speakers which represents him as an ambassador of music and modern and current.
• close up shot of high tops, iconography of urban culture.  connotations of urban dance culture.
• fish eye and close up shots, represent him as a rap artist rather than a vocal singing artist.  The audience know immedietely the genre of artist because the video uses typical codes and conventions.
• editing of camera shots shows him changing clothes which represents him as being wealthy and able to afford lots of clothes. 
• deviates away from the stereotypical rap artist throughout because he doesn't have the conventional bling of some artists. 

Misha B

• the mise en scene depicts her 'costume' as being an expensive and outrageous dress.  This is juxtaposed with the urban landscape behind her.  It represents her as rich, however shows that the narrative of her life has meant she's come from nothing to where she is now.
• The narrative of the video is serious and meaningul which could mean she is trying to represent herself as a serious and legitimate artist, rather than someone from a reality TV show.
• modern Birtish style.  Depicts her standing on a basketball court in medium and close up shots. 
• Simple, eye to eye camera shots - she's trying to connect with and relate to the audience.
• ideologies of family represented through the editing of images. 

1. Is the music industry doing enough to challenge stereotypes?  (black/white.  male/female)

• It does help to change stereotypes because it represents black people with wealth and money and traditional sterotypes do not represent them like this.
• The narrative Misha B and her Father, in particular him being white and a drug addict and ruining the family relationship, challenges the stereotype.
• the narrative in her video represents her as independent woman who is interested in family narratives, rather than the streotypical boy meets girl narrative.
• Challenge stereotypes with the clothes that the artists are depicted in eg:  Labrinth and his jeans. 

1. Why do music artists need to promote themselves on different platforms?

Media Language
Intitution
Genre
Representation
Audience
Institution
Narrative

• Codes
• Conventions
• Mise-en-Scene
• Lighting
• Framing
• Angle
• Denotation
• Connotation
• Sign
• Signifier
• Action Code
• Enigma Code

Do you believe that Media Institutions should be allowed gain information through any means possible in order to create news?

Year 12 - Binary Oppositions and Intertextuality.

Watch the clip and try to think of other examples of intertextuality in films.

When we have looked at the Binary Opposite slide, analyse one of your film trailers through binary opposites. 



Watch the following debate and think about it from these different angles:

• Binary Oppositions
• Post Structuralism  - without an audience there is no meaning to a text. The audience determines the meaning of the text.
• Structuralism   - there is"Study of text as a whole and the kinds of interrelationships/contrasts that the system builds into itself to give it meaning. Contrasts are often times highlighted by calling attention to their basic oppositional/binary structure. For instance in a newspaper the idea of front/back: front page/ back page/ important, less important. More interesting might be news/ads. But could also be very basic categories of cultural experience (although there could always be an argument about "who’s" cultural experience): up/down, culture/nature, male/female.

Year 13

First 30 minutes - research and post information about the Levenson Enquiry

Homework:  Answer this question:

Using Media terminology in every sentence that you write, answer this question!

Do you believe that the press should self regulate or that the Government should of the press.

Leveson report to be published amid intense debate on nature of regulation

Political and public opinion divided over reforms as 16-month inquiry into 'culture, practices and ethics of the press' concludes

On what is likely to be a landmark day for politicians, the media and the police, Lord Justice Leveson's report into the future regulation of the press will be published after a 16-month public inquiry that has seen the industry face unprecedented criticism.

Leveson's inquiry into "the culture, practices and ethics of the press" will make recommendations on how regulation should be reformed, amid a fierce debate within Westminster and the media as to what the most appropriate model of reform should look like – whether a form of statutory regulation or a more robust model of "self-regulation".

The threat of a coalition split over press regulation is looming as Conservative cabinet sources accused the Liberal Democrats of playing a dangerous game by appearing to back state regulation before the publication of the 2,000-page verdict on media ethics.

The deputy prime minister, Nick Clegg, met the prime minister, David Cameron, on Wednesday to discuss their approach to the report. Cameron is expected to call for a tough new independent press complaints body capable of imposing fines, while keeping the option of statutory regulation on the table for a later date if the new regulatory body is not working.

Year 12 Cover work.

Apologies for not being there today year 12, I will be back in for your lesson tomorrow.  For your cover work, I would like you to either:

1.  Work on Mrs Haynes' work and continue researching or essay writing for you coursework

OR (if you feel you don't need this time)

2.  Do some specific analysis of products for your case study.  EG:  Post a screen grab of the website onto your blog and annotate it.  Or post a poster onto your blog and annotate it.  

Either way, use the time productively and make sure you've finished your homework from last week ready for tomorrow.

Miss Davies

Year 12 Homework

1. Finish the research for the question and then answer it onto your blog.
2. Comment on someone else's
3. Find the podcast for Simon Mayo and Mark Kermode for one of your films.

Year 13 Message. 

We won't have either lesson this week as I am out tomorrow and today is a half day.  Please complete the following before next week's lesson:

1.  Post 6 new things for your case study and answer the question below that Year 12 have prepared bullet points for, linking it to your case study. 

Identify how media products from your case study make links with other media platforms.

What are the reasons for these links?

1. Twitter and facebook pages that allow them to target audiences and engage opinions and communicate with fans. Beneficial for institution and audince. (EXAMPLE)
2. Fan made Twitter pages about characters (EXAMPLE)
3. official website that can be used for surveillence or social interaction.(EXAMPLE)
4. films need to be brands and the website can help out with this.
5. Videos that fans make can help the institution to advertise the film.(EXAMPLE)
6. Fan made websites (EXAMPLE)
7. Film reviews - beneificial to A and to I so they can have feedback. Range of opinions. Website (EXAMPLE) Magazines (EXAMPLE)
8. Some websites might have character profiles (EXAMPLE)
9. Links within broadcast too, for example podcasts (EXAMPLE) 
 

Chat forums (EXAMPLE)

Trends on twitter (EXAMPLE)

Marketing and actually making the audience go and do things (EXAMPLE)

Buy merchandise (EXAMPLE)

Posters (EXAMPLE)

Games - online gaming or separate games on consoles (EXAMPLE)

Buy albums of the film soundtracks (EXAMPLE)



In your answer you should:
● consider possible links such as targeting audiences, promotion and revenue
generation
● support your answer with reference to a range of examples from three media
platforms.

(32 marks)

Year 13 - don't forget that your homework is to blog DAILY!  That means, something new on your blog every single day. 

It could be:

• A news story
• A trailer
• An advert
• A debate or an issue
• Something you've watched on TV
• A link to a podcast

Structuralism Theory - worth taking a look at again. 

This is so great to watch!  Very relevant to you guys in your studies

Year 12 homework - complete the questions about the google chrome advert

Year 12  - questions to answer as a class: 

1.  How does the advert engage the audience?

2.  What is communicated about google chrome in the advert?

3.  How is the internet represented in the advert?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZVq4nw-VrE


What theories could be used to support your answer? 

Year 13 Class Work Thursday November 16th

Pick one Media Debate and post information about it, texts to illustrate it, and theories that support it.    Write one paragraph summarising what the debate is all about and what your research suggests to you. 

Homework Friday November 17th  -   prepare a case study answer to this question by posting the information you will need to answer it onto your blog: 

To what extent do the products in your case study suggest that digital communication is now the main form of communication for institutions and audiences? 

Year 12 Creative response to a text:

Research a magazine aimed at teenagers and then write a magazine article in the style of that magazine about a topic to do with films.

It might be an interview with a film star, an article about women in film, an article about technology in film.  You decide!  Create it on publisher or post it, along with images, directly onto your blog.

Year 13 Homework for this week.

1.  Comment on someone else's answer for either of the questions we have done in class this week.

2.  Write out 10 bullet points, with examples, to the following question:

Do you believe that there should be more control over social Media?

Read the following article first and refer to it in your bullet points. 

A new internet age? Web users turn on 'trolls'

Two recent online 'outings' suggest that attitudes towards online anonymity may have shifted

• 

Amanda Todd killed herself, apparently as a result of years of cyberbullying

When mourners arrived at the peace park in Maple Ridge, Vancouver, to pay tribute to Amanda Todd this week, few could have realised quite how widely the effects of the 15-year-old's death were being felt.

News of her suicide, apparently as a result of years of cyberbullying, provoked the internet vigilante group Anonymous to reveal the personal details of the man it says tormented her under an online pseudonym.

It came in the same week that an American journalist outed the real-life identity of one of the "biggest trolls on the web" as Michael Brutsch, a man accused of posting sexualised images of underage girls and graphic images of domestic violence on Reddit, the hugely popular open-source website now considered so influential it recently hosted a question and answer session with Barack Obama.

Does this represent a turning point in the history of the web, when the cloak of anonymity was torn away from internet trolls?
"This has been a wake-up call to the people who participate in these online communities to really think through what their responsibilities are," said Zeynep Tufekci, of the centre for information technology policy at Princeton University. The events surrounding the exposure of Brutsch's identity, as well as that of Todd's alleged tormentor, represent a sea change, according to Tufekci. "People are realising they cannot afford to have this 'live and let live' ethos to what is posted on their site. I feel like this is a social movement on a par with the Arab spring."

Brutsch, 49, was outed as a prolifically offensive user of Reddit. Under the user name Violentacrez, he habitually published pictures of underage girls in a now defunct section called Jailbait. As well as creating forums under the names Chokeabitch, Niggerjailbait and Incest, Violentacrez was also responsible for the reviled Creepshot series, which published images of women and girls taken without their consent.

A number of recent cases in the UK and Europe have brought to light a growing division in public opinion over the murky boundary between offensive online behaviour and freedom of speech. This month a Yorkshire man who posted an offensive Facebook message following the deaths of six British soldiers was given a community order. In July, a Welsh teenager was arrested after sending abusive tweets to the Olympic diver Tom Daley, but charges were later dropped.

Adrian Chen, the journalist who exposed Brutsch, came under instant criticism from Reddit's moderators when the story broke. "We stand for free speech," said Reddit's Yishan Wong. "We are not going to ban distasteful subreddits [subsections]." But Chen, who works for Gawker, says the response to his story elsewhere has been "overwhelmingly positive".

"I thought there would be more of a backlash about the story, but people really are willing to accept that anonymity is not a given on the internet and if people use pseudonyms to publish sexualised images of women without their consent, and of underage girls, then there's not really a legitimate claim to privacy," Chen told the Guardian.

Aleks Krotoski, author of the forthcoming book Untangling the Web: What the Internet is Doing to You, believes we are entering a new phase of the internet age, one in which trolls can no longer pretend they are not part of the real world. "The rise of Facebook and Google ushered in an enormous number of people who hadn't previously used the web, and this has seen a shift in attitudes towards anonymity. Ten years ago people were used to having many different personas – at work, at home, with their friends.

"During this time, fewer people used the internet and anonymity was the norm. Now that most people have an online identity on Facebook or the like, anonymity is regarded with suspicion and associated with hackers, abusive commentators and scammers." A recent example involved a man who called himself David Rose, inventing a life online as a deaf man with quadriplegia. His Dave on Wheels blog attracted a devoted audience, but soon after it became an internet hit, Dave "died". His fans were left bereft, doubly so when the entire episode was revealed to have been faked, allegedly by a 53-year-old man from San Francisco.

"People themselves are becoming less and less inclined to be anonymous online because it is now associated with bad behaviour," said Krotoski.
Chen is keen to highlight a crucial difference in the way the man at the centre of the Amanda Todd case was outed and the story that unfolded around Michael Brutsch. "What Anonymous did by outing this guy was invite a mob response, which is no more responsible than abusing someone online in the first place," said Chen, who investigated Brutsch for many months before confronting him and Reddit. He pointed out that attacking a website which provides the structure for depravity and non-consensual sexualised imagery is very different from inviting the world to attack an individual whose guilt has not been proven. The Vancouver man named by Anonymous has denied responsibilty for the bullying.
Wendy Grossman, a technology specialist who sits on the Open Rights Group committee, pointed to other dangers if anonymity online is undermined: Outing Michael Brutsch is absolutely justified for public interest. But the Todd case is clearly complex. Say, for example, Amanda Todd had used a pseudonym to seek help from a women's forum online because she already felt too vulnerable to use her real name. She would have been entitled to that privacy."
Krotoski agreed. "Privacy is crucial to human development," she said, "but it is more and more scarce now that so much of the general population is online. But what these last few weeks show us is that we're entering a new phase of understanding about what is and isn't acceptable

New and digital media offers media institutions different ways of reaching audiences.

Consider how and why media institutions are using these techniques. (48 marks)

• Media can use the internet to you interact with their audience, to promote or improve their film or to get feedback. 
• Can reach a younger audience as there are lots of teenagers on the internet. 
• You can target teens by advertising on facebook, Twitter, youtube.  (EXAMPLE)
• Allows more people to access what institutions want us to see.
• Different platforms can be used to promote a film for example APPS (EXAMPLE) 
• Faster to communicate with audiences.
• Mass promotion between institutions - teaming up to promote something.
• Niche and specific audience. 
• Customers can be made to feel special, like a priority.
• Audience can access the media at any time because of the availability of the internet. 
• E4+1 anmd dejavu - audiences are more up to date.
• Audience have freedom.
• 'The audience narrative has changed as they are able to enjoy a very specific diet of programmes or films that they are interested in.'
• Can access MEdia anytime anywhere and therefore people are able to see new promotions etc immedietly.
• Direct interaction with fanbase eg:  email subscriptions.
• online services  - version online.
• Love Film - promotions offered to entice customers in. 
• Once customers are signed up for something, their details are there for institutions. 
• Websites are becoming more advanced in their ways of interacting with consumers. (EXAMPLE)

New and digital media offers media institutions different ways of reaching audiences.
Consider how and why media institutions are using these techniques. (48 marks)

To connect, to create, to share creativity or thought, to discuss, to collaborate, to form
groups or to combine with others in mutual interests or passions. If you can’t see the
point of any of those things, you will not see the point of Facebook.’
(www.guardian.co.uk)
What opportunities and/or disadvantages do new and digital media have for audiences?(48 marks

New and digital media has offered significant advantages and disadvantages for audiences, and in the last 20 years the advances that is has made have resulted in society being connected in a way that it never has been before.  I am going to write with a focus on how new and digital media have impacted on the film industry audience, and what sorts of opportunities it has offered them.

One advantage that new and digital media offers film audiences is the chance to see things that are more technologically advanced, for example 3D and HD offer the audience a different and perhaps more exciting experience.  IMAX screenings of the new Bond film were booked out almost 3 months in advance for its' opening weekend, and Skyfall took £53.4 million in its' first 10 days:  a record that beat the previous winner The Dark Knight Rises.  Audiences go to the cinema to be entertained and to escape, and IMAX offers them this on a different level.

Audiences are able to interact with other members of the public more reguarly and in more depth now, and whereas previously discussions about films would be between friends and would take place in person, they now take place on the internet.  Youtube offers a forum for fans to discuss (U+G social interaction) and find out what other people think, and under trailers fans often contribute their thoughts and engage in debates and discussions about ideas.  For example, people commented on how 'awesome' Taken 2 was, and two people had begun a conversation about it and a discussion about which was better, Taken 1 or Taken 2.  In essence, this is an example of free marketing, as the audiences themselves are chatting about the films and therefore are likely to go on to have real conversations about it, or to post something on a social media site where likeminded people would also be keen to watch it.  Interestingly, in this same example, one person had gone on to post a site where you could watch the entire leaked film.  This exposes a disadvantage of new and digitla media as it means people can view films online and illegally and therefore could mean that people don't pay to go and see it at the cinema, which could have a negative impact on its' takings. 

Access to Media is now much easier, and this makes watching films and trailers much easier.  People are able to download films or to sign up to companies such as 'Love Film' and they never have to leave their homes to visit a shop to rent or buy a DVD if they don't want to!  This is obviously an advantage for audiences as it means they can be more flexibile and they can acquire films more easily.  This is also a disadvtange as it impacts on shops and businesses and means that audiences miss out on human contact in some way.

This is a key disadvtange of new and digital Media:  it means that audiences no longer need to have contact with anyone, ever, at any point.  This means that they are able to live a life encased in their own world, and to create any persona for themselves, and interact with people on a daily basis, whilst never actually meeting up with anyone.  The dangers of this are clear as it means that people sometimes believe that they can act in any way that they please and are able to say whatever they want.   Internet trolls have become more and more present in recent years and this is largely due to people believing that the internet is a kind of cloak over who they really are.  Therefore whilst the internet has offered a certain amount of freedom to audiences and has given them more power to interact with the things that they love and meet new people, it has also given people the power to be anyone that they want, and this can be a dangerous thing. 

To connect, to create, to share creativity or thought, to discuss, to collaborate, to form
groups or to combine with others in mutual interests or passions. If you can’t see the
point of any of those things, you will not see the point of Facebook.’
(www.guardian.co.uk)
What opportunities and/or disadvantages do new and digital media have for audiences?(48 marks)

Advantages

1. Easier for the regular person to voice their opinion.  For example with trailers and comments on youtube.  SPECIFIC EXAMPLE FROM YOUR CASE STUDY.
2. find out information more easily eg:  views, trivia, information about the films.  For example, wikapedia articles.  IMDB for miscellaneous information. 
3. You can share your life with people.  For example on Twitter and with photos.  Social interaction and discussion.
4. Validation of your existence and self esteem booster.
5. if you want to be famous it's easier.
6. You can share your interests and meet other people who have the same passions as you.  youtube posting comments back and forth.  Vital BMX - so people with a similar niche interest can easily find groups of likeminded people. 
7. For some people they may see it  as freedom to act in a way that they want and to be able to say what they want.   Gives people confidence because they can be anyone that they want.
8. Allows another platform to access Media - you can watch things on the internet more easily. 

Year 12 Homework: Answer this question, using examples from your case study.

 

How far have improvements in technology made a difference to the quality of
audience experience?

 

•Cinemas you can get 3D or imax experienced – different type of experience.

•HD and 3D TVs  - interact with it more.  More like a cinema experience if you want it.

•Technology less expensive but better

•Social networking – communicating about a film, brings audiences together.

•Watch it anywhere at anytime.

•You can review films yourself – there’s a forum for audiences.

•Really easy to make videos now

•More platforms that you can watch things on, easier to create content for a certain audience and advertise it. 

Year 13 Homework due on Friday November 9th

 Answer onto the blog:

‘To connect, to create, to share creativity or thought, to discuss, to collaborate, to form
groups or to combine with others in mutual interests or passions. If you can’t see the
point of any of those things, you will not see the point of Facebook.’
(www.guardian.co.uk)
What opportunities and/or disadvantages do new and digital media have for audiences?(48 marks)

Hello all students!  Everyone is going to complete one of these questions in a lesson next week, so spend some time preparing them ready for a practise exam style case study question.

It is important to be as prepared as possible as early as possible, which is why we're focusing on this now.  Make sure to research your case study fully so that you're ready for the question when we do it in class. 

AS Questions:

How far have improvements in technology made a difference to the quality of
audience experience?
In your answer you should:
! provide a brief outline of your case study
! evaluate the impact of new technologies (eg red button, file-sharing, 3D) on the
audience’s ability to interact with and/or enjoy media products from your case
study
! support your answer with reference to a range of examples from three media
platforms. (32 marks)

How far have improvements in technology made a difference to the quality of
audience experience?In your answer you should:
! provide a brief outline of your case study
! evaluate the impact of new technologies (eg red button, file-sharing, 3D) on the
audience’s ability to interact with and/or enjoy media products from your case
study
! support your answer with reference to a range of examples from three media
platforms. (32 marks)
.........................................................................................................................................................

A2 Media Studies

Question 6
0 6 New and digital media offers media institutions different ways of reaching audiences.
Consider how and why media institutions are using these techniques. (48 marks)OR
Question 7
0 7 ‘To connect, to create, to share creativity or thought, to discuss, to collaborate, to form
groups or to combine with others in mutual interests or passions. If you can’t see the
point of any of those things, you will not see the point of Facebook.’
(www.guardian.co.uk)
What opportunities and/or disadvantages do new and digital media have for audiences?(48 marks)

Year 12 Cover Work Wednesday November 7th

Please complete the following activities:

1.  Find three fansites about your case study texts and post specific comments from them onto your blog.
2.  Find two examples of UGC (user generated content) on youtube and post them onto your blog.  If possible, embed the videos so we can actually watch them on your blog.
3.  Make sure that you are following everyone else's in the class and that you are also following the year 13 blog as well. 
4.  Brainstorm answers to the following question 'Do you believe that audiences have more power than the institutions that create the texts?' 

Year 12 reminder - please can you make sure to post up your case study information on the blog.  I can't see everyone's and it needs to be up there.

Year 13 - same goes for you.  You need to begin developing your research on this case study NOW. 

Do You Believe That The Media Is Responsible For Continuing To Create Stereotypical Representations Of Class

Do You Believe That The Media Is Responsible For Continuing To Create Stereotypical Representations Of Class

The Media has a huge role to play in how we perceive representations of different groups of people, and espcially in the UK, class is a hugely represented issue.  Shows such as Shameless portray the working class in a negative light, with an emphasis on taking drugs, living on the dole, and crime.  Whilst shameless has a comedic element and is not meant to be a documentary, it does make certain comments on that class of people, and in many ways could be seen to fuel a stereotype of the working class.  Additionally, shows such as Eastenders perpetuate the stereotype of the working class as brash and argumentative, and their narrative consistently uses high drama to engage the audience.  Downton Abbey represents a class from a different era, and winds a duel narrative of 'upstairs' and 'downstairs' so that audiences are offered an insight into both upper and lower classes.  one of the producers of Downton noted that they used different camera shots and colours for upstairs and downstairs in order to gain a different feel.  The shots upstairs used a wide angle lense and colours were bright and sumptuous.  When they filmed downstairs they used a more narrow camera shot and darker colours, to give them impression of enclosed space.
Newspapers and the news have a respnosibility to create representations of class and to either fuel or challenge stereotypes.  The Daily Mail is targeted at the middle classes, but represents certain groups in a specific light.  It can be quite damning of the upper class and of their way of life, and often it's sensationalist headlines target issues such as the MP scandal or tax evasion of the rich.  Likewise, The Sun continues to represent the working class as celebrity obsessed people who are not interested in political issues and debates.  Their continuation of Page 3 and of exploitation of women also ties in with an expectation that the working class men would be interested in such things.  Additionally, shows such as This Morning and Day Break could be seen to be continuing a representation of the middle classes as being attractive and white as they are always presented by similar looking people.  The class system in Britain is represented in the Media in both positive and negative ways, but more often than not Media texts tend to perpetuate steretypes that we have of all of the different classes. 

Marxism
A sociological approach to literature that viewed works of literature or art as the products of historical forces that can be analyzed by looking at the material conditions in which they were formed. In Marxist ideology, what we often classify as a world view (such as the Victorian age) is actually the articulations of the dominant class. Marxism generally focuses on the clash between the dominant and repressed classes in any given age and also may encourage art to imitate what is often termed an "objective" reality. Contemporary Marxism is much broader in its focus, and views art as simultaneously reflective and autonomous to the age in which it was produced. The Frankfurt School is also associated with Marxism (Abrams, p. 178, Childers and Hentzi, pp. 175-179). Major figures include Karl Marx, Terry Eagleton, Fredric Jameson, Raymond Williams, Louis Althusser (ALT-whos-sair), Walter Benjamin (ben-yeh-MEEN), Antonio Gramsci (GRAWM-shee), Georg Lukacs (lou-KOTCH), and Friedrich Engels, Theordor Adorno (a-DOR-no), Edward Ahern, Gilles Deleuze (DAY-looz) and Felix Guattari (GUAT-eh-ree).
Key Terms (note: definitions below taken from Ann B. Dobie's text, Theory into Practice: An Introduction to Literary Criticism - see General Resources below):

Commodificaion - "the attitude of valuing things not for their utility but for their power to impress others or for their resale possibilities" (92).
Conspicuous consumption - "the obvious acquisition of things only for their sign value and/or exchange value" (92).
Dialectical materialism - "the theory that history develops neither in a random fashion nor in a linear one but instead as struggle between contradictions that ultimately find resolution in a synthesis of the two sides. For example, class conflicts lead to new social systems" (92).
Material circumstances - "the economic conditions underlying the society. To understand social events, one must have a grasp of the material circumstances and the historical situation in which they occur" (92).
Reflectionism - associated with Vulgar Marxism - "a theory that the superstructure of a society mirrors its economic base and, by extension, that a text reflects the society that produced it" (92).
Superstructure - "The social, political, and ideological systems and institutions--for example, the values, art, and legal processes of a society--that are generated by the base" (92).